Tuesday, March 11, 2014

Ornamental Cherry Trees

By Liliana Usvat
Blog 156-365



The Japanese flowering cherry is a member of the Family Rosaceae, commonly known as the Rose Family. 

Ornamental cherries were sent as gifts of friendship by Japan to cities in North America starting as early as 1912, when 3,000 were given to Washington, D.C. In the early 1940s, 700 saplings were given to Vancouver, and were later planted in the city’s Queen Elizabeth Park.

During the 1950s, Vancouver parks officials, who thought the cherry was the perfect specimen to replace forest trees that were crowding city boulevards, purchased more and began grafting their own.
 
Today, almost 20,000 cherry trees grace Vancouver’s streets, and there are many more beautifying public and private gardens across Canada.

Cherry blossoms are symbols of simplicity, transience and ephemeral beauty. In medieval Japan, they symbolized the samurai. These men, who were prepared to sacrifice themselves for their masters, led lives like that of the cherry blossom—beautiful but brief.
 
The annual viewing of the cherry blooms, or hanami, has an almost religious fervour in Japan; for cen­turies, blossom-viewing picnics have been a rite of spring. Millions of people follow the northward progression of the blooms, and train stations post signs indicating the best spots for viewing. Cherry blossom viewing is now popular in North America as well.

Lifespan
 
On average, ornamental cherry trees live between 15 and 20 years, but some varieties can survive longer with the correct care. For example, Yoshino cherries normally live only into their second decade, but some specimens in Washington, D.C., have survived since their donation in 1912 by the Japanese government. Higan cherry trees are among the most stress-, heat- and cold-tolerant varieties and tend to survive well past their 20th year.

The cherry tree is the most widely planted ornamental tree in the United States. This genus contains over 400 species and many hybrids and cultivars native to temperate zones in Asia, Europe and America. Cherry trees require cold weather to flower and fruit, so they do not grow in tropical climates and would not grow well indoors.

The Fastest

The fastest growing flowering cherry trees grow 3 feet per year. Yoshino flowering cherry (Prunus yedoensis), also known as Potomac cherry and Tokyo cherry, has a canopy in an oval, rounded or umbrella shape that reaches 35 feet tall. Its fragrant pink flowers blossom in winter or spring, and its leaves turn bronze or gold in fall.  

Fruit Production

Cherry trees grown for fruit production are mostly hybrids of Asian species with more cold-hardy American species. Over 99 percent of fruit grown is sour cherries, primarily used for baking and canning. Cherry trees in orchards are kept to 15 feet tall to facilitate harvesting, but left to themselves would grow to 30 feet.
 

Beneficial Uses

While the tree bears no fruit, the fruit of other cultivars have many associated health benefits.  In Asian folk medicine, the cherries proved beneficial for a variety of ailments including:
  • heart ailments, 
  • dropsy,
  •  toothache and 
  • gout-pain.  
  • Modern analysis of the fruit has revealed strong antiviral, antioxidative properties. 
  • Korean studies champion the cherries as a valuable addition to any diet.
  • Centuries ago cherry tree bark was heated and used as a diuretic and astringent.
  • The fruit is rich in potassium, magnesium, iron and phosphorous. Cherries are also an excellent source of vitamins C, K and B6.

Cherry Care

  • Water the tree regularly. Cherry trees need moist soil to thrive.
  • Space cherry trees 35 to 40 feet apart to avoid diseases from spreading.
  • Prune the tree in late winter to encourage growth of new fruit.
  • Add fertilizer to the soil each spring.
  • Do not plant cherry trees in the shade of tall buildings, as they need full sunlight to grow.
Feng Shui Flower Cherry Blossom Symbol

The blossoming flowers of cherry, have always been used to bring the energy of new beginnings, a sense of freshness and innocence. Most often the image of cherry blossoms is used as a love & marriage cure, but can also be used as feng shui cure for health.

Monday, March 10, 2014

Liliana Usvat: Low water Trees - Acacia farnesiana or Sweet Acacia Medicinal Uses

Liliana Usvat: Low water Trees - Acacia farnesiana or Sweet Acacia Medicinal Uses

Low water Trees - Acacia farnesiana or Sweet Acacia Medicinal Uses

By Liliana Usvat
Blog 155-365

There is a science that is able to transform deserts in Forest Foods. The name of this science is Permaculture.
Here is a video that show the process. It is an amazing video that I recommend it.
http://permaculturenews.org/2009/12/11/greening-the-desert-ii-final/

For now we take one plant at a time and focus on it to promote it to be planted in arid areas.

Acacia farnesiana or Sweet Acacia







This tall, semievergreen, native shrub or small tree has feathery, finely divided leaflets of a soft, medium green color. The slightly rough stems are a rich chocolate brown or grey, possessing long, sharp, multiple thorns. The small, yellow, puff-like flowers are very fragrant and appear in clusters in late winter then sporadically after each new flush of growth, providing nearly year-round bloom. The persistent fruits have a glossy coat and contain seeds which are cherished by birds and other wildlife.

Use and Management

It can be trained into a tree for use in median strips, or can be used as a street tree where there is not a need for tall-vehicle clearance beneath the crown. The small stature and low, spreading branching habit makes pruning for vehicular clearance difficult unless it is properly trained from an early age. But the required input of manhours for early training may be offset by the high drought, pest and insect resistance of the tree. Do not locate the tree too close to where people can be injured by the sharp thorns on the branches.

Although easy to grow in any acid or alkaline soil, including clay, the leaves will drop if the soil is allowed to dry out. This drought avoidance mechanism allows the plant to grow well with no irrigation once established.

Growing best in full sun, this thorny, well-branched shrub makes an excellent barrier planting or nesting cover for wildlife. When trained as a small tree and used as a freestanding specimen, it is likely to provide a source for comments, such as "what's that?".

 But its growth rate is extremely slow, making it unpopular in the nursery trade but popular with those who care for it in the landscape. Sweet Acacia has its place in any sunny shrub border or as an accent plant in any garden if located away from areas where children frequent, since the thorns can inflict severe pain. It is well suited for dry climates with little rainfall.
Propagation of Sweet Acacia is by seeds or cuttings.

Fruits

It will continue to bloom throughout the year, though more sparsely. It produces leguminous fruit encased in woody pods. The seeds are attractive to birds and other wildlife.
 

Traditional medicine

  • The bark and the flowers are the parts of the tree most used in traditional medicine. V. farnesiana has been used in Colombia to treat malaria
  • Colombians bathe in the bark decoction as a treatment for typhoid
  • The extract from the tree bark and leaves has shown some efficacy against the malarial pathogen Plasmodium falciparum in animal models . 
  • Indigenous Australians have used the roots and bark of the tree to treat diarrhea and diseases of the skin. 
  • The tree's leaves can also be rubbed on the skin to treat skin diseases.
  • The flowers are added to ointment, which is rubbed on the forehead to treat headaches
  • The powdered dried leaves have been applied externally as a treatment for wounds
  • The green pods have been decocted and used in the treatment of dysentery and inflammations of the skin and raucous membrane
  • The juice of the bark is used in Nepal to treat swellings
  • An infusion of the pod has been used in the treatment of sore throats, diarrhoea, leucorrhoea, conjunctivitis, and uterorrhagia

Food

The leaves are used as a tamarind flavoring for chutneys and the pods are roasted to be used in sweet and sour dishes
Notes

The common name, huisache, is Nahuatl (language of the Aztecs) meaning many thorns. The fragrant flowers have been used in the perfume industry. This acacia will drop its leaves under severe drought conditions as a defense mechanism.